Abstract The present work is about the stability of a Pexiderised quadratic functional equation. The study is in the framework of intuitionistic fuzzy Banach spaces. The approach is through a fixed point method. The stability studied is Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability type.

As características geoambientais das bacias de drenagem peninsulares no Estado de Jharkhand na Índia são resultantes dos mecanismos endogenéticos, exogenéticos e antropogenéticos. A massa peninsular constitui a mais antiga massa terrestre de sua história geomórfica. Desde os tempos pré-cambrianos o território passa por fases de agradação e degradação. Recentemente, os mecanismos de indução humana também têm dominado os mecanismos de modificação da superfície morfológica das bacias de drenagem. O papel do intemperismo, dos movimentos de massa e da erosão é significativo na redução da energia da massa terrestre das bacias, resultando em degradação ambiental de suas paisagens. Fatores geoambientais são responsáveis pela degradação dos solos, que acabam por afetar a sustentabilidade da região. Entre os fatores geoambientais estão as propriedades de fisiografia da paisagem como a topografia, a rede de drenagem, a erosão dos solos, a dureza da rocha, que são muito importantes na identificação da estabilidade do terreno da bacia, que pode provocar degradação. Neste trabalho, uma tentativa foi feita para analisar as propriedades de fisiografia da bacia, juntamente com outros fatores geoambientais para descobrir o seu estado de degradação, a fim de sugerir uma boa gestão ambiental para o desenvolvimento futuro da região.

Geoenvironmental characteristics of the Peninsular drainage basins in Jharkhand State of India is the result of endogenetic, exogenetic and anthropogenetic mechanisms. As the Peninsular landmass is the oldest land mass in its geomorphic history. Since pre-cambrian times the landmass is experiencing phases of aggradation and degradation. Recently, the man-induces mechanisms have also been dominating mechanisms in changing the surface morphology of the drainage basins. The role of weathering, mass movement and erosion is significant in reducing the strength of the landmass of such basins resulting environmental degradation in the basin landscape. Geoenvironmental factors are responsible in degrading the landmass ultimately affects the sustainability of the region. Among the geoenvironmental factors the engineering properties of the landscape like topography, drainage network, soil erosion, rockmass strength are more significant in identifying the terrain stability of the basin which causes the degradation. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse the engineering properties of the basin along with the other geoenvironmental factors to find out the status of degradation in the basin with a view to suggest a sound environmental management for the future development of region.

Multi-channel sun photometer observations of precipitable water content (PWC) in the near-infrared band over a tropical Indian station, Pune, during the period May 1998-May 2006 have been used to investigate temporal and seasonal variations. Precipitable water estimated from surface meteorological parameters (temperature and relative humidity) and that obtained from MODIS satellite for the same station have been compared with those observations made by the sun photometer. There exists a well defined seasonal variation in precipitable water content with maximum during southwest monsoon months (June-September) and minimum during the month of March. Variability in PWC is higher during post-monsoon and winter months (October to February) and smaller during pre-monsoon and monsoon months (March to September). The overall mean PWC measured by sun photometer at Pune is 13.27 mm. Precipitable water estimated from surface meteorological parameters and that obtained from satellite retrieval are higher in magnitude compared to that from the ground-based sun photometer measurements. However, the temporal variations on all time scales agree very well and are in-phase. A well calibrated portable sun photometer operated at the near infrared wavelengths would give very good temporal observations of precipitable water at any location.

Para investigar las variaciones estacionales y temporales del contenido de agua precipitable (PWC, por sus siglas en inglés) se hicieron observaciones con un fotómetro solar multicanal en la banda del infrarrojo cercano en la estación tropical de Pune, en la India, durante el periodo de mayo 1998 a mayo 2006. Para la estación mencionada se compararon el agua precipitable estimada a partir de parámetros meteorológicos de superficie (temperatura y humedad relativa) y la obtenida del satélite MODIS. Existe una variación estacional bien definida del contenido de agua precipitable con un máximo durante los meses del monzón del suroeste (junio-septiembre) y un mínimo durante el mes de marzo. La variabilidad del PWC es mayor durante el post monzón y los meses de invierno (octubre-febrero) y menor durante los meses del pre monzón y monzón (marzo-septiembre). La media total del PWC estimada con el fotómetro solar en Pune es de 13.27 mm. El agua precipitable calculada con los parámetros meteorológicos y la obtenida de los datos de satélite es mayor en magnitud que las mediciones obtenidas con el fotómetro solar desde tierra. Sin embargo, las variaciones temporales en todas las escalas de tiempo concuerdan muy bien y se encuentran en fase. Un fotómetro solar portátil bien calibrado en las longitudes de onda del infrarrojo cercano puede proporcionar observaciones temporales muy buenas del agua precipitable en cualquier localidad.

A cinética de decomposição térmica de magnesita indiana foi estudada por análise termogravimétrica sob condição não-isotérmica. O método da aproximação da integral de Coats e Redfern foi usado para determinar os parâmetros cinéticos. Usando estes parâmetros, foram analisadas diferentes funções cinéticas com os dados experimentais para avaliar o mecanismo de decomposição do carbonato de magnésio e foi observado que a reação de decomposição segue o mecanismo cinético de contração de esfera.

Kinetics of thermal decomposition of Indian magnesite was studied by thermo-gravimetric analysis under non-isothermal condition. Coats and Redfern Integral approximation method was used to determine the kinetic parameters. Using the kinetic parameters different kinetic functions were analyzed with the experimental data to ascertain the decomposition mechanism of magnesium carbonate and it was observed that the decomposition reaction followed a contracting sphere kinetic mechanism.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the fever module in the WHO/UNICEF guidelines for the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) identifies children with bacterial infections in an area of low malaria prevalence. METHODS: Physicians assessed a systematic sample of 669 sick children aged 2-59 months who presented to the outpatient department of Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Bangladesh. FINDINGS: Had IMCI guidelines been used to evaluate the children, 78% of those with bacterial infections would have received antibiotics: the majority of children with meningitis (100%), pneumonia (95%), otitis media (95%) and urinary tract infection (83%); and 50% or less of children with bacteraemia (50%), dysentery (48%), and skin infections (30%). The current fever module identified only one additional case of meningitis. Children with bacteraemia were more likely to be febrile, feel hot, and have a history of fever than those with dysentery and skin infections. Fever combined with parental perception of fast breathing provided a more sensitive fever module for the detection of bacteraemia than the current IMCI module. CONCLUSIONS: In an area of low malaria prevalence, the IMCI guidelines provide antibiotics to the majority of children with bacterial infections, but improvements in the fever module are possible.

OBJETIVO: Determinar si el módulo Fiebre de las directrices OMS/UNICEF para la atención integrada a las enfermedades prevalentes de la infancia (AIEPI) identifica a los niños que presentan infecciones bacterianas en una zona de baja prevalencia de paludismo. MÉTODOS: Los médicos evaluaron una muestra sistemáca de 669 niños enfermos de 2 a 59 meses que acudieron al ambulatorio del Hospital de Dhaka Shishu en Bangladesh. RESULTADOS: Si se hubieran seguido las directrices de la AIEPI para evaluar a los niños, habría recibido antibióticos el 78% de quienes padecían infecciones bacterianas: la mayoría de los niños con meningitis (100%), neumonía (95%), otitis media (95%) e infecciones de las vías urinarias (83%); y el 50% o menos de los niños con bacteriemia (50%), disentería (48%) e infecciones cutáneas (30%). El actual módulo Fiebre identificó sólo un caso adicional de meningitis. En comparación con los que padecían disentería o infecciones cutáneas, entre los niños con bacteriemia eran más frecuentes la febrilidad, la sensación de calor y los antecedentes de fiebre. La combinación de fiebre y percepción parental de respiración rápida resultó ser un criterio más sensible que el actual módulo de la AIEPI para detectar los casos de bacteriemia. CONCLUSIÓN: En una zona de baja prevalencia de paludismo, las directrices de la AIEPI prevén el suministro de antibióticos a la mayoría de los niños con infecciones bacterianas, pero es posible introducir mejoras en el módulo Fiebre.

OBJECTIF: Déterminer si le module Fièvre des directives OMS/UNICEF pour la prise en charge intégrée des maladies de l'enfant (PCIME) permet de reconnaître les enfants atteints d'infections bactériennes dans une région de faible prévalence du paludisme. MÉTHODES: Des médecins ont évalué un échantillon systématique de 669 enfants malades âgés de 2 à 59 mois vus dans le service des consultations externes du Dhaka Shishu Hospital au Bangladesh. RÉSULTATS: Si les directives PCIME avaient été utilisées pour évaluer les enfants, 78 % de ceux qui étaient atteints d'infections bactériennes auraient reçu des antibiotiques : la plupart des enfants atteints de méningite (100 %), de pneumonie (95 %), d'otite moyenne (95 %) et d'infections urinaires (83 %), et au maximum la moitié des enfants atteints de bactériémie (50 %), de dysenterie (48 %) et d'infections cutanées (30 %). L'actuel module Fièvre n'a identifié qu'un cas supplémentaire de méningite. Les enfants bactériémi étaient davantage susceptibles d'être fiévreux, chauds et d'avoir des antécédents de fièvre que ceux qui souffraient de dysenterie et d'infections cutanées. La présence de fièvre associée à l'impression de respiration rapide signalée par les parents constituait un critère plus sensible que l'actuel module Fièvre des directives PCIME pour détecter une bactériémie. CONCLUSION: Dans une zone de faible prévalence du paludisme, les directives PCIME traitent par des antibiotiques la plupart des enfants atteints d'infections bactériennes, mais des améliorations du module Fièvre sont possibles.